D
debugging
The process of
finding and removing errors from a program.
decision statement
A statement that
tests a condition created by a program and changes the flow of the program
based on that
decision.
declaration
A specification of
the type and name of a variable to be used in a program.
default
Serves as a case
label if no case value match is found within the scope of a switch.
define statement
See #define.
delete
A directive that
returns a class or variable created by new to the heap.
de-referencing
operator
The operator that
indicates access to thc value pointed to by a pointer variable or an
addressing
expression.
derived class
A class built on top
of another, baseass.
directive
A command to the
preprocessor (as opposed to a statement to produce machine code).
double
A C++ language
keyword to declare a variable that contains a real number. The number
usually requires
twice as much storage as type float.
double linked list
A linked list with
both forward and backward pointers.
double quotation mark
ASCII character 34.
Used in C++ to delimit character strings.
E
EGA
Enhanced graphics
adapter. A common graphics card for the IBM PC.
else
A clause in an if statement
specifying the action to take in the event that the statement
following the if conditional
is false.
enum
A C++ keyword that
defines an enumerated data type.
enumerated data type
A data type consisting
of a named set of values. The C++ compiler assigns an integer to
each member of the
set.
EOF
End-of-file character
defined in stdio.h.
escape character
A special character
used to change the meaning of the character(s) that follow. This is
represented in C++ by
the backslash character, \.
exclusive OR
A Boolean operation
that yields 0 if both operands are the same and 1 if they are different.
executable file
A file containing
machine code that has been linked and is ready to be run on a computer.
exponent
The component of a
floating-point number that represents the integer power to which the
number base is raised
in order to determine the represented number.
exponent overflow
A condition resulting
from a floating-point operation where the result is an exponent too
large to fit within
the bit field allotted to the exponent.
exponent underflow
A condition resulting
from a floating-point operation where the result is an exponent too
large in negative
value to fit within the bit field allotted to the exponent.
extern
C++ keyword used to
indicate that a variable or function is defined outside the current file.
F
fast prototyping
A top-down
programming technique that consists of writing the smallest portion of a
specification that
can be implemented that will still do something.
fclose
A function that
closes a file. From the old C-style I/O package stdio.
fflush
A routine to force
the flushing of a buffer. From the old C-style I/O package stdio.
fgetc
A function that reads
a single character. From the old C-style I/O package stdio.
fgets
A stream input
library function that reads a single line. From the old C-style I/O package
stdio.
FILE
A macro definition in
stdio that declares a file variable. From the old C-style I/O package
stdio.
file
A group of related
records treated as a unit.
float
A C++ keyword to
declare a variable that can hold a real number.
floating point
A numbering system
represented by a fraction and an exponent. The system handles very
large and very small
numbers.
floating-point
exception (core dumped)
An error caused by a
divide-by-0 or other illegal arithmetic operation. It is a somewhat
misleading error
because it is caused by integer as well as floating-point errors.
floating-point
hardware
Circuitry that can
perform floating-point operations directly without resorting
to software. In
personal computers, it is found in the math coprocessor. More advanced
processors such as
the 80486 have floating-point units built in.
fopen
A function that opens
a file for stream I/O. From the old C-style I/O package stdio.
fprintf
A function to convert
binary data to character data and write it to a file. From the old
C-style I/O package stdio.
fputc
A function that
writes a single character. From the old C-style I/O package stdio.
fputs
A function that
writes a single line. From the old C-style I/O package stdio.
fread
A binary I/O input
function. From the old C-style I/O package stdio.
free
A C function that
returns data to the memory pool. Obsolete in C++. This has been replaced
by the C++ delete operator
See also malloc.
Free Software
Foundation
A group of
programmers who create and distribute high-quality software for free. Among
their products are
the editor emacs and the C++ compiler g++. Their address is: Free
Software Foundation,
Inc., 675 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, MA 02139, (617)
876-3296.
friend
A function that
although not a member of a class is able to access the private members of
that class.
fscanf
An input routine
similar to scanf. From the old C-style I/O package stdio.
fstream.h
The C++ package for
file I/O.
function
A procedure that
returns a value.
fwrite
A binary I/O output
function. From the old C-style I/O package stdio.
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